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Iterated Games

Summary

Games (interactions) that are played repeatedly between the same players, where past behavior influences future decisions — unlike one-off games where the rational choice is always to defect.

Key Insight

"What makes it possible for cooperation to emerge is the fact that the players might meet again." — Robert Axelrod

Why Repetition Changes Everything

One-Off Game Iterated Game
Rational strategy Always defect Cooperate, retaliate, forgive
Reputation Irrelevant Everything
Trust Impossible Can emerge
Outcome Mutual defection Mutual cooperation possible

Winning Strategy

Tit For Tat — start with cooperation, then copy opponent's last move — won Axelrod's tournaments twice.

See Also